diff --git a/app/Exceptions/Handler.php b/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
index 82a37e4..e764a6f 100644
--- a/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
+++ b/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
@@ -47,4 +47,109 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
             //
         });
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 渲染异常为 HTTP 响应
+     */
+    public function render($request, Throwable $e)
+    {
+        // API 请求统一返回 JSON 格式
+        if ($request->expectsJson() || $request->is('api/*')) {
+            return $this->renderJsonException($e);
+        }
+
+        return parent::render($request, $e);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将异常渲染为 JSON 格式
+     */
+    protected function renderJsonException(Throwable $e): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    {
+        // 根据异常类型返回不同的状态码和消息
+        $statusCode = $this->getStatusCode($e);
+        $errorCode = $this->getErrorCode($e);
+        $message = $this->getErrorMessage($e);
+
+        $response = [
+            'success' => false,
+            'message' => $message,
+            'code' => $errorCode,
+        ];
+
+        // 开发环境返回调试信息
+        if (config('app.debug')) {
+            $response['debug'] = [
+                'exception' => get_class($e),
+                'file' => $e->getFile(),
+                'line' => $e->getLine(),
+                'trace' => $e->getTrace(),
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return response()->json($response, $statusCode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 HTTP 状态码
+     */
+    protected function getStatusCode(Throwable $e): int
+    {
+        if ($e instanceof NotFoundHttpException) {
+            return 404;
+        }
+
+        if ($e instanceof ValidationException) {
+            return 422;
+        }
+
+        if ($e instanceof TypeError) {
+            return 400; // 参数类型错误
+        }
+
+        if ($e instanceof QueryException) {
+            return 500;
+        }
+
+        // 如果异常有 getStatusCode 方法（如 Symfony 异常）
+        if (method_exists($e, 'getStatusCode')) {
+            return $e->getStatusCode();
+        }
+
+        return 500;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取错误代码
+     */
+    protected function getErrorCode(Throwable $e): string
+    {
+        return match (true) {
+            $e instanceof NotFoundHttpException => 'RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND',
+            $e instanceof ValidationException => 'VALIDATION_ERROR',
+            $e instanceof TypeError => 'TYPE_ERROR',
+            $e instanceof QueryException => 'DATABASE_ERROR',
+            default => 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR',
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取用户友好的错误消息
+     */
+    protected function getErrorMessage(Throwable $e): string
+    {
+        // 开发环境返回详细错误
+        if (config('app.debug')) {
+            return $e->getMessage();
+        }
+
+        // 生产环境返回友好消息
+        return match (true) {
+            $e instanceof NotFoundHttpException => '资源不存在',
+            $e instanceof ValidationException => '数据验证失败',
+            $e instanceof TypeError => '参数类型错误',
+            $e instanceof QueryException => '数据库操作失败',
+            default => '服务器内部错误，请稍后重试',
+        };
+    }
 }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/WechatPayController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/WechatPayController.php
index c97156c..caeb083 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/WechatPayController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/WechatPayController.php
@@ -39,11 +39,7 @@ class WechatPayController extends Controller
         $openid = $request->openid;
         $amount = $request->amount;
         $remark = $request->remark;
-        try {
-            $res = WechatPayService::mchTransfer($trade_no, $scene_id, $openid, $amount, $remark, []);
-        } catch (TypeError $e) {
-            return $this->failure($e->getMessage());
-        }
+        $res = WechatPayService::mchTransfer($trade_no, $scene_id, $openid, $amount, $remark, []);
 
         return $this->success("ok", $res);
     }